Lester Golden
1 min readAug 13, 2023

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This year only 17 of the 43 nations that attended last year's Russia's Africa Summit attended this year.

Just as the financial victims of China's BRI have learned it's a debt trap and defaulting, Wagner's African victims are starting to figure out it's a raw deal and resource theft trap.

"Putin wasn't looking for a quick win": Russian officers were instructed to take their dress uniforms for the anticipated Kyiv victory parade. They were already picking out luxury apts in the center of Kyiv before the "SMO" started.

The de-dollarization BRICS currency fantasy:

The $ at $1.098/euro is stronger than in September 2020 ($1.20/euro). On March 1, 2022, the $ was at $1.05/euro.

On 21/02/2022 the JPY was 115/$. Now it's 145/$. So whose currency is crashing?

I debunked the Russia's useful idiots' de-dollarization and BRICS single currency fantasies here: https://medium.com/illumination-curated/russian-useful-idiots-financial-illiteracy-9cef68e82f2c

If you have no forex trading experience and are financially illiterate, don't write about forex and currency markets. You'll only commit credibility hara kiri.

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Lester Golden
Lester Golden

Written by Lester Golden

From Latvia & Porto I write to share learning from an academic&business life in 8 languages in 5 countries & seeing fascism die in Portugal&Spain in1974 & 1976.

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