Here's the PPP of aerial warfare: Ukraine's swarms of cardboard drones putting Russian jet fighters out of action in Kursk. They cost $670-3350 vs >$10m cost of their targets.
https://wesodonnell.medium.com/ukraine-now-using-cardboard-drones-to-devastate-russian-airfields-a344bb7b9b14

Highly motivated disruptive startup citizen armies always defeat demotivated mercenary and serf armies.